Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris Passive Voice dan Contoh Kalimat

Passive Voice

Voice dalam konteks Passive Voice artinya Verb (kata kerja). Ada dua jenis kata kerja yang bersifat aktif ( Active Voice ) dan kata kerja yang bersifat pasif ( Passive Voice ).

Kalimat aktif / Aktive Voice adalah kalimat yang doer/ agent atau pelaku atau yang melakukan pekerjaan berada di posisi subjek. Pola kalimatnya : S + V + ( O + adverb ). S ( Subjek ) sebagai pelaku, dan V ( Verb ) bermakna ber... atau me...Disebut kalimat aktif karena pelakunya berada di posisi subjek dan objeknya dikenai pekerjaan.
Contoh :  Rani puts an apple on the table.

Sedangkan kalimat pasif / Passive Voice adalah kalimat yang doer/ agent atau pelaku berada di posisi objek dan secara grammatical diawali oleh preposisi by yang artinya oleh.
Contoh : An apple is put by Rani on the table.

Passive Voice sangat erat kaitannya dengan Tenses, karena kalimat Passive Voice mengikuti bentuk tensesnya. Konsep Dasar Passive Voice adalah Be + V3

Syarat-syarat membentuk kalimat Passive Voice :
1. Kalimat Verbal
   Yakni kalimat yang kata kerja utamanya ( Ordinary) berupa selain be.
2. Menggunakan Transitive Verb yakni kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek, baik yang diikuti oleh 1 objek (Monotransitive ) maupun yang diikuti oleh 2 objek ( Ditransitive).
3. Kalimat yang berupa kata kerja yang berupa aktivitas ( Dinamic Verb ).

Yang tidak bisa dipasifkan :
1. Kalimat Nominal.
2. Kalimat yang menggunakan Intransitif Verb ( Verb yang tidak membutuhkan objek )
3. Kata kerja have/has yang bermakna mempunyai ( posses )
Have/has secara struktur tidak bisa dipasifkan , tetapi secara meaning bisa dipasifkan dengan catatan mengganti have/has dengan belong to.

Contoh kalimat :  I have a new car ( Active Voice ) tidak boleh dipasifkan menjadi A new car is had by me. Jadi kalimatnya harus dirubah menjadi A new car belong to me . ( structure active tapi meaning passive )
                           
Dibawah ini adalah rumus Passive Voice dalam 16 Tenses

1. Simple Present     S + is/am/are + V3 +  ( by O )

2. Present Continuous      S + is/am/are + being + V 3 + ( by O )

3 Present Perfect      S + have/has + been + V3 + ( by O )

4. Present Perfect Continuous      S + have/has + been + being + V3 + ( by O )

5. Simple Past      S + was/were + V3 +  ( by O )

6. Past Continuous     S + was/were + being + V 3 + ( by O )

7. Past Perfect     S + had + been + V3 + ( by O )

8. Past Perfect Continuous     S + had + been + being + V3 + ( by O )

9. Simple Future     S + will/shall + be + V3 +  ( by O )

10. Future Continuous     S + will/shall + be + being + V 3 + ( by O )

11. Future Perfect     S + will/shall + have + been + V3 + ( by O )

12. Future Perfect Continuous     S + will/shall + have + been + being + V3 + ( by O )

13. Past Future     S + would/should + be + V3 +  ( by O )

14. Past Future Continuous     S + would/should + be + being + V 3 + ( by O )

15. Past Furure Perfect    S + would/should + have + been + V3 + ( by O )

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous    S + would/should + have + been + being +V3 + ( by O )

Contoh Kalimat :

1.Simple Present

Active  : Ninda eats healthy food everyday.

Passive : Healthy food is eaten by Ninda everyday.

2. Present Continuous

Active  : Fina is watering some flowers.

Passive : Some flowers are being watered by Fina.

3. Present Perfect 

Active  : Dony has driven a new car.

Passive : A new car has been driven by Dony.

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Active  : Tomy has been drawing some pictures.

Passive : Some pictures have been being drawn by Tomy.

5. Past Continuous

Active  : Lany paid a tax last week.

Passive : A tax was paid by Lany last week.

6. Past Continuous

Active  : Three workers were lifting a big cupboard.

Passive : A big cupboard was being lifted by three workers.

7. Past Perfect

Active  : A raging storm had destroyed hundreds houses.

Passive : Hundred houses had been destroyed by a raging storm.

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Active  : Sinta had been slicing some meat in the kitchen.

Passive : Some meat had been being sliced by Sinta in the kitchen.

9. Simple Future

Active  : Jenny will visit many tourism places next holyday.

Passive : Many tourism places will be visited by Jenny next holyday.

10. Future Continuous

Active  : Evi will be supervising examinees at 7 tonight.

Passive : Examinees will be being supervised by Evi at 7 tonight.

11. Future Perfect

Active  : Astronomers will have built new space station by 2040.

Passive : New space stations will have been built by astronomers by 2040.

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Active  : Joe will have been finishing his master degree by the end of June next year.

Passive : Joe's master degree will have been being finished by him by the end of June next year.

13. Past Future

Active  : Culled would make a checking account last Monday.

Passive : A checking account would be made by Cullen last Monday.

14. Past Future Continuous

Active  ; A taxi driver would be taking some passengers to the airport.

Passive : Some passengers would be being taken by a taxi driver to the airport.

15. Past Future Perfect

Active  : Some architects would have been designed a hundred story building.

Passive : A hundred story building would have been being designed by some architects.

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous

Active  : Three scientists would have been researching an incurable disease.

Passive : An incurable disease would have been being researched by three scientists.

Demikian penjelasan tentang pengertian, rumus dan contoh kalimat Passive Voice . Semoga bermanfaat dan mohon maaf bila ada kekurangan. Keep spirit and good luck !

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